The mechanization rate of national protected horti

The mechanization rate of national protected horticulture is only 33% on average, and there is a great demand for equipment upgrading

facility agriculture includes three fields: facility gardening (planting), facility aquaculture and facility aquaculture, but local agricultural machinery management departments are used to calling facility gardening facility agriculture. According to the same caliber, in 2017, the total area of facility gardening in China was 2.04 million hectares (according to the statistics of the Agricultural Machinery Department), the area of machine farming facilities was 1.5 million hectares, up to 74%, the area of machine sowing facilities was 340000 hectares, up to 17%, the area of machine mining and transportation facilities was 180000 hectares, up to 9%, the area of mechanical irrigation and fertilization facilities was 1.15 million hectares, up to 56%, and the area of mechanical environmental control facilities was 520000 hectares, up to 25%. According to the comprehensive calculation of the five links of tillage, sowing, harvesting, irrigation and environmental control, the mechanization level of protected horticulture is 33.12%, 1.34 percentage points higher than that in 2016. Jiangsu is the highest, accounting for 48%, and Hainan is the lowest, accounting for 17%. From the comparison between the current situation of mechanization and industrial demand, there is a great demand for equipment upgrading

at present, the average mechanization rate of protected horticulture in China is only 33%, and it is extremely unbalanced in different facilities and links. The mechanization level of multi span greenhouses is relatively high, while that of solar greenhouses and greenhouses is low. The links of tillage and soil preparation, water and fertilizer are relatively high, the links of planting and harvesting are low, and the environmental control is in the middle. The task of upgrading equipment from the basic level is urgent

the proportion of equipment subsidies is low and the scope is narrow. In previous years, the proportion was basically less than 1%, and the categories were few. In the guidance on the implementation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies in, only four types of equipment, namely, electric shutter machine, hot blast stove, heating system (including oil fired hot blast stove and hot water heating system), water curtain cooling equipment, were listed. The regional limitations were obvious, and the environmental control, labor-saving and efficient work tools that meet the needs of current industrial development Information management system and other mature and widely used equipment urgently need to be included. Although the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas has launched subsidy pilot projects in three provinces (Liaoning, Zhejiang and Jiangxi) to subsidize greenhouses and greenhouses, from the assessment, the scope, object and effectiveness of subsidies still need to be coordinated and improved

low level of data. It is reflected in two aspects: industry data (decision support data) and production support data. The statistical caliber of facility and equipment stock data and capacity data is different and diverse. For example, the national facility area was 2.04 million hectares according to the statistics of the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas in 2018. Other relevant departments took down the old broach and counted it as 3.7 million hectares. The survey statistics of scientific research institutions and associations were between 10000 hectares, with a huge gap. Production supporting data mainly include necessary parameters such as water and soil environment and atmosphere, as well as facility environmental control indicators, plant protection early warning indicators, water and fertilizer and cultivation expert database closely related to production. At present, it is uneven, timeliness and accuracy can not meet the requirements of efficient production, and can not highlight the production equipment advantages of facility gardening

the degree of standardization of greenhouse types is low. Although the research and development of suitable greenhouse products in many large climatic regions has reached or exceeded the international advanced level since the ninth five year plan, the summary, promotion and application of scientific research achievements are insufficient, and the introduction, digestion and absorption of achievements led by enterprises is the mainstream of industrial application. There are many cases of blind copying, and the comprehensive evaluation and comparison of the "science" system are insufficient

complete equipment technology is insufficient. The complete set of equipment technology that combines greenhouse and production equipment with cultivated varieties and technologies is insufficient, especially the complete set of equipment technology with good economic benefits. This weakness is particularly evident on the international competition platform. In the equipment export, except for Southeast Asia and Africa, Europe and the United States and Japan and South Korea are blank. Russia, South America, Eastern Europe and other major export areas in Europe and the United States, China accounts for a very low proportion. In China, the import of Dutch glass greenhouses has surged since 2016. Nearly 400 hectares have been built, with an investment of about 7billion, accounting for more than 60% of the total investment in greenhouses of the same grade

insufficient standard formulation, publicity and application. The national standards and industrial standards in the field of facility gardening equipment that have been issued involve the design, construction and acceptance of greenhouse projects, as well as some equipment, as well as normative terms. Although the total amount is still insufficient, due to the lack of attention and publicity, the application of existing standards is weak. Taking the three subsidy pilot provinces as an example, there are two versions of multi span plastic greenhouses: "multi span plastic greenhouses and multi span steel frame greenhouses", which are easy to be misleading in policy implementation, enterprise understanding and product specifications, resulting in economic losses

in terms of supporting service machine software, users are mainly responsible for setting relevant safety parameters according to experimental items and requirements. Compared with traditional agricultural machines and tools, the products and technologies of protected gardening equipment are relatively new, and the standard gap is large. The existing identification services cannot meet the needs of the industry. Facility gardening pays attention to higher accuracy, and requires higher detection of indicators such as water and fertilizer and production indicators, so as to serve production and reflect high quality. However, at present, even the institutions for regular total factor testing of water and fertilizer for soilless cultivation are insufficient, resulting in many large-scale production enterprises aiming at high input and high output relying on foreign testing for a long time